Mediterranean Diet Linked to Improved IVF Success, Greek Study Finds

A recent study published in Nutrients suggests that adhering to the Mediterranean diet may enhance clinical pregnancy and live birth rates for women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART).

Researchers from the National and Kapodistrian University in Athens, Greece, conducted a review to explore how this diet impacts fertility outcomes.

The Mediterranean diet, known for its benefits in cardiovascular health and reduced risks of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and some cancers, emphasises the consumption of olive oil, whole grains, legumes, nuts, moderate amounts of fish and white meat, and minimal red meat and processed foods. Previous research has suggested that this diet may also improve fertility, but this new review provides a closer look at its effects on ART.

The study reviewed seven separate investigations using food frequency questionnaires to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Findings indicate that couples with higher adherence to this diet were 40-100% more likely to achieve a clinical pregnancy. Additionally, live birth rates were found to be 2.5 times higher among those following the diet more closely. However, no direct correlation was found between diet adherence and egg number or embryo quality.

Some studies showed conflicting results, with one reporting poorer ovarian responses in women adhering to the Mediterranean diet. Age appeared to influence outcomes, with improved results seen in women aged 35 and younger, while older women showed varied responses.

The Mediterranean diet's potential benefits are attributed to its role in enhancing endometrial receptivity, improving implantation chances, and supporting healthy pregnancy through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the study notes that while these findings are promising, they are non-linear and lack a clear dose-response relationship.

The researchers call for further investigation with larger, multicentre studies and improved assessment tools to confirm these findings. They also suggest that future research should incorporate genetic markers and use advanced data collection methods, such as virtual consultations and biomarker analysis, to refine dietary recommendations for couples undergoing ART.

(Source: News Medical)