Recent excavations at the Neolithic site known as the "Botanical Garden" on the western shores of Lake Plastira have yielded significant new findings.
The third excavation phase, conducted at an altitude of 800 metres, has uncovered a wealth of artifacts and structures from the transition period between the Early and Middle Neolithic eras (5999-5845 B.C.).
Archaeologists have identified the site's primary use surface about one metre below the surface, revealing that the settlement was self-sufficient in raw materials such as clay for pottery and various types of flint. Notable finds include a range of triptych tools, millstones made from sandstone, and monochrome pottery produced on-site. Two ceramic kiln assemblages have been uncovered, suggesting that the site may have been permanently occupied.
The presence of these early kilns is a recent and significant discovery, adding to evidence from other sites in Thessaly and indicating the site's autonomy. Additionally, the team has found 'self-built structures,' possibly including a furnace, and an extensive area of hearth deposits surrounded by a brick wall.
Among the movable artifacts are anthropomorphic figurines, one with a rare height of 10.5 cm, and an intact model of a kiln or house. Decorative pottery elements and other finds suggest possible connections with similar sites in the Thessalian Plain. This high-altitude Neolithic site offers a unique perspective on Neolithic research, differing markedly from lowland sites in its originality and distinctiveness.
The excavation is led by the Ephorate of Antiquities of Karditsa under the direction of Dr. Aikaterini Kyparissis-Apostolika and Dr. Orestis Apostolika.
What sets this site apart is its deliberate high-altitude location, which may have provided strategic advantages such as fertile soils, a favourable climate, or natural defence. Among the most striking finds are several anthropomorphic figurines, including a rare example estimated to have originally stood 16.5 cm tall, offering insights into the symbolic and artistic expressions of the period.
This discovery enriches our understanding of early agricultural societies and their adaptation to challenging environments. It underscores Thessaly’s role as a cradle of early sedentary life in southeastern Europe, shedding light on the technological and cultural advancements of Neolithic Greece.