The National Public Health Organization (EODY) has issued a public advisory regarding the health risks associated with African dust, urging citizens, especially vulnerable groups, to take necessary precautions as the phenomenon recurs periodically across Greece.
What is African Dust?
African dust originates primarily from the Sahara Desert in North Africa and travels thousands of kilometers through atmospheric currents. The phenomenon is most prevalent in Europe during the spring months and can significantly impact air quality. The dust contains a mix of sand particles, chemical compounds, and micro-organisms such as bacteria and fungi. While there is no definitive scientific evidence linking dust-borne microbes to infectious disease transmission, exposure to high concentrations of airborne dust can pose serious health risks.
Who is Most at Risk?
While African dust can affect everyone, certain groups are more vulnerable, including:
- Infants and young children
- Elderly individuals (over 65 years old)
- People with chronic respiratory conditions (e.g., asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – COPD)
- Individuals with cardiovascular diseases
Health Effects of African Dust Exposure
Prolonged exposure can trigger symptoms such as:
- Eye irritation (itching, redness, excessive tearing)
- Respiratory discomfort (sneezing, sore throat, coughing, difficulty breathing)
- Worsening of asthma and allergic reactions
- Increased hospital visits for exacerbation of respiratory and cardiovascular conditions
Public Health Guidelines for Protection
To minimise health risks, EODY recommends the following protective measures:
For Individuals with Respiratory or Cardiovascular Conditions:
- Monitor symptoms closely and adjust medication dosages in consultation with a doctor.
- Keep inhalers and prescribed medication readily available.
- Seek immediate medical attention if experiencing chest pain, persistent coughing, or shortness of breath.
General Protective Measures:
- Stay Informed: Follow air quality updates and weather forecasts to anticipate dust events.
- Limit Outdoor Exposure: Avoid unnecessary outdoor activities, particularly strenuous exercises such as jogging or cycling.
- Use Protective Masks: Wear high-filtration masks (FFP2/KN95/N95) when stepping outside.
- Improve Indoor Air Quality: Keep windows and doors closed to prevent dust from entering homes and workplaces. Use air purifiers and damp cleaning methods to reduce indoor dust levels.
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to maintain respiratory health.
Precautions for Schools
Schools are advised to take extra precautions to protect students during dust episodes:
- Move physical education classes indoors or modify activities to reduce exertion.
- Postpone outdoor school trips and excursions.
- Ensure classrooms remain well-maintained, with regular damp cleaning to minimize dust accumulation.
Looking Ahead
With African dust events expected to occur periodically, authorities emphasize the importance of continued vigilance and adherence to protective measures. EODY urges the public to stay informed and take appropriate steps to safeguard health, particularly for those in high-risk groups.