Archaeologists working under Turkey’s Heritage for the Future project have uncovered a large Greco-Roman residential complex known as the “Mosaic House” in the ancient city of Pergamon, near present-day Bergama, Turkey.
Pergamon, originally a prominent Greek city on the northern edge of the Caicus Plain, rose to prominence during the Hellenistic period as the capital of the Kingdom of Pergamon. After its integration into the Roman Empire, the city retained its status as a cultural and architectural marvel, often referred to as a “second Athens.” It featured a grand acropolis, the illustrious Library of Pergamon—considered by ancient sources second only to the Library of Alexandria—and an impressive theater with seating for up to 10,000 spectators.
The recent excavations, led by Prof. Dr. Yusuf Sezgin of Manisa Celal Bayar University, unveiled a sprawling residential complex with a classical peristyle courtyard and an ornate pool. The “Mosaic House” is distinguished by its intricate mosaic flooring, reflecting both Greek artistic traditions and Roman influences, signifying the high status of its former inhabitants. Archaeologists estimate the residence was constructed between the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD and believe it may have been abandoned following a destructive fire during the Arab raids of the 7th century.
The vibrant mosaics display a fusion of geometric and floral motifs, blending Greco-Roman artistic styles from the 3rd and 4th centuries AD. The team also discovered a rare sealed roof tile from the Hellenistic period, bearing the inscription “Basilique,” which indicates royal ownership. While similar artifacts have been found before, this marks the first time a fully intact sealed tile has been unearthed in Pergamon.
The discovery of the “Mosaic House” offers valuable insights into the architectural and cultural synthesis of Greek and Roman influences in ancient Pergamon, further enhancing our understanding of daily life in this historic city.
Image Credit: Anadolu Agency
Source: YeniSöke Newspaper
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